Cortical auditory evoked potentials in autism spectrum disorders: Foreign literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-0223-2022-4-1-66-72Keywords:
auditory perception, ASD, communication, children, cortical auditory evoked potentials, hypersensitivity to soundsAbstract
The review reports the results of English language studies on processing auditory information in autism. Sensory symptoms are one of the key diagnostic criteria for autism. This makes the review highly relevant. The dysfunctions of auditory perception include hypersensitivity to sounds, hyposensitivity, a need for sensory stimulation, and difficulties in processing auditory information. The review is based on the studies of event-related auditory evoked potentials. Numerous studies demonstrate atypical neural activity and altered amplitudes and delays in cortical event-related auditory evoked potentials in ASD. Individuals with ASD have problems processing simple auditory stimuli in the primary and secondary auditory cortex, possibly caused by impaired conduction velocity and synaptic connectivity at the neuronal level. The studies indicate a delayed response to stimuli in the auditory cortex. Delayed reactions are associated with underdeveloped language skills, hyperactivity, a need for sensory stimulation, and severity of autism symptoms. Patients with ASD have reduced habituation to auditory stimuli, which may explain hypersensitivity to sounds. Individuals with autism have difficulty in predicting when dealing with auditory information. This may be the reason why autistic people are often overwhelmed by sensory stimulation. Erroneous prediction of sensory stimuli might be the core deficit in ASD. The present review shows strong evidence that individuals with ASD have auditory processing disorders at the cortical level. Auditory perception in autism needs further study.
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