The relationship between dispositional mindfulness and temperament in athletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-0223-2023-5-4-237-247Keywords:
awareness, mindfulness, temperament, endurance sports, stress in sportAbstract
Mindfulness practice is known to improve the ability to deal with stress in sports. A study of the relationship between dispositional mindfulness (MF) and temperament may clarify the nature of MF and help optimize practical MF training in sports. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between aspects of MF and temperament in young people involved in sports. Methods. The study involved thirty-seven endurance athletes: cross-country skiers and runners, average age 20.6 ± 2.08. The following methods were used in psychological testing: 1. the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), 2. the Formal Characteristics of Behavior — Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI, by J. Strelau), 3. the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI, by C. D. Spielberger et al., adapted by Yu. L. Khanin). Results. Compared to non-athletes, endurance athletes score significantly higher on the scales ‘acting with awareness’, ‘briskness’ and ‘endurance’ and significantly lower on the scales ‘emotional reactivity’ and ‘perseverance’. The study established a strong positive correlation between the ‘sensory sensitivity’ and ‘total MF’ scores (r = 0.61, p < 0.05). The analysis of the principal components (PC) revealed two main factors explaining 3/4 of the total variance of the FFMQ and FCB-TI variables. The first PC includes ‘describing’, ‘acting with awareness’, ‘sensory sensitivity’ and ‘perseverance’ (‘The ability to concentrate on the present moment and psychological flexibility’), and the second PC includes ‘outward-directed activity’, ‘emotional reactivity’ and ‘observing’ (‘Extraversion and neuroticism’). Conclusion. In endurance athletes, MF and temperament are interrelated and determined by two principal factors.
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